Digitisation process of data types
Digitisation Processes
Frame Grabbing
A frame grabber or video capture card is a device that takes single digital still frames from an analog video signal or a digital video stream like a Video Camera or Video Cassete Recorder. It is a component of a computer vision system where video frames are captured in digital form and then can be displayed on a screen or stored and transmitted in raw or compressed digital data. Years ago frame grabbing was the way to obtain data from cameras and transfer to PCs.But today technology has changed and its much easier and efficient with connections like USB,ethernet or even Wi-Fi Technology.
Frame grabbing begins with a video capture card in a PC connected to a video Camera or VCR. The capture card measures the strength of the video signals coming from the camera and VCR.These signals adjust the picture tube in your pc allowing you to see the images. The measurements create a bit map of the image in each frame.
Frame grabbing has many applications in many industries ,for example in : Healthcare, Manufacturing, Network Security, Personal Use, Astronomy and Astrophotography.
Scanning
A scanner is an input device that scans documents and photographs into a digital format. This creates an electronic version of the document that can be viewed and edited on a computer. Today there are quite a variety of scanners including flatbed, Sheet-fed and a multifunction printer which as other functions including printing, and copying and scanning.
The scanner works by using reflected light to digitise a document or image. Lenses and mirrors in a scanner focus the reflected light on a light detecting microchip which measures the intensity of light at specific points on a page and colour. Each little section which is scanned creates a digital Copt of the page. The page is made of bits/binary digits which is received by the computer in a bit map which is stored as an image or gif.
Scanners use computer software programs to allow the user to edit scanned images and some programs can recognise text which then can be edited or used and then printed out. This is known as optical character recognition which will be discussed below.
Optical Character recognition
Optical Character Recognition (ocr) is the process of taking images or photographs of letters or typewritten text and converting them into data that a computer can interpret. An example is when large companies take copies of books and convert them into editable text which are saved as documents. In the long-term this is more efficient and cheaper than printing out thousands of sheets of paper and strong them.You can easily store documents on the companies drive and can be accessed by everyone at the click of a button.
The process of obtaining data begins with a scanner, a digital camera or a smartphone applications which scans a book or page. This scanned image is then passed on to the pc or mobile phone where the text is obtained and can be edited or copied. The text is gathered usually by the software dividing the page into elements of blocks of text, images or tables.
The characters are singled out and the computer decides what text it will present to you after hypothesizing. This text can be saved as a document and printed. Some computer fax applications use OCR to transform incoming faxes from graphics files into word processing documents. Many OCR software can change scanned text into other languages .This technology is pretty neat, though will not always give you 100 percent accuracy.
Bitmapping
Graphics are shown by the process of bitmapping which is a connection between the image on the screen and the bits in the memory. A bitmap is a representation, consisting of rows and columns of dots, of a graphics image in computer memory. The dots each have a value which are stored in the bits of the data. For basic black and white or monochromic images one but is more than enough to represent each dot ,though when there is a colored each dot requires more than one bit of data
The density of the dots, known as the resolution, determines how sharply the image is represented. This is often expressed in dots per inch (dpi) or simply by the number of rows and columns.
To display a bit-mapped image on a monitor or to print it on a printer, the computer translates the bit map into pixels (for display screens) or ink dots (for printers).
Frame Grabbing
A frame grabber or video capture card is a device that takes single digital still frames from an analog video signal or a digital video stream like a Video Camera or Video Cassete Recorder. It is a component of a computer vision system where video frames are captured in digital form and then can be displayed on a screen or stored and transmitted in raw or compressed digital data. Years ago frame grabbing was the way to obtain data from cameras and transfer to PCs.But today technology has changed and its much easier and efficient with connections like USB,ethernet or even Wi-Fi Technology.
Frame grabbing begins with a video capture card in a PC connected to a video Camera or VCR. The capture card measures the strength of the video signals coming from the camera and VCR.These signals adjust the picture tube in your pc allowing you to see the images. The measurements create a bit map of the image in each frame.
Frame grabbing has many applications in many industries ,for example in : Healthcare, Manufacturing, Network Security, Personal Use, Astronomy and Astrophotography.
Scanning
A scanner is an input device that scans documents and photographs into a digital format. This creates an electronic version of the document that can be viewed and edited on a computer. Today there are quite a variety of scanners including flatbed, Sheet-fed and a multifunction printer which as other functions including printing, and copying and scanning.
The scanner works by using reflected light to digitise a document or image. Lenses and mirrors in a scanner focus the reflected light on a light detecting microchip which measures the intensity of light at specific points on a page and colour. Each little section which is scanned creates a digital Copt of the page. The page is made of bits/binary digits which is received by the computer in a bit map which is stored as an image or gif.
Scanners use computer software programs to allow the user to edit scanned images and some programs can recognise text which then can be edited or used and then printed out. This is known as optical character recognition which will be discussed below.
Optical Character recognition
Optical Character Recognition (ocr) is the process of taking images or photographs of letters or typewritten text and converting them into data that a computer can interpret. An example is when large companies take copies of books and convert them into editable text which are saved as documents. In the long-term this is more efficient and cheaper than printing out thousands of sheets of paper and strong them.You can easily store documents on the companies drive and can be accessed by everyone at the click of a button.
The process of obtaining data begins with a scanner, a digital camera or a smartphone applications which scans a book or page. This scanned image is then passed on to the pc or mobile phone where the text is obtained and can be edited or copied. The text is gathered usually by the software dividing the page into elements of blocks of text, images or tables.
The characters are singled out and the computer decides what text it will present to you after hypothesizing. This text can be saved as a document and printed. Some computer fax applications use OCR to transform incoming faxes from graphics files into word processing documents. Many OCR software can change scanned text into other languages .This technology is pretty neat, though will not always give you 100 percent accuracy.
Bitmapping
Graphics are shown by the process of bitmapping which is a connection between the image on the screen and the bits in the memory. A bitmap is a representation, consisting of rows and columns of dots, of a graphics image in computer memory. The dots each have a value which are stored in the bits of the data. For basic black and white or monochromic images one but is more than enough to represent each dot ,though when there is a colored each dot requires more than one bit of data
The density of the dots, known as the resolution, determines how sharply the image is represented. This is often expressed in dots per inch (dpi) or simply by the number of rows and columns.
To display a bit-mapped image on a monitor or to print it on a printer, the computer translates the bit map into pixels (for display screens) or ink dots (for printers).